Found inside – Page 183... Oxford (1993) Gruen, D.W.R., Wilkinson, J.: Australia's Real Exchange Rate Is It Explained by the Terms of Trade or by Real Interest Rate Differential? Found inside – Page 42Interestingly enough, this potential secondary cost can either be avoided ... Bank of Australia shows a relatively high central bank interest rate for the ... Found inside – Page 13A better indicator , perhaps , is provided by interest rate differentials across countries . ... who has compared the antiinflationary arrangements of Canada , New Zealand , and Australia by examining expected inflation series and sacrifice ratios ... Found inside – Page 4-4This equation says that the current real exchange rate can be explained by the expected future real exchange rate and the real interest rate differential ... Found inside – Page 63Table 3.4 Growth rates ( % p.a. ) in total investment and components and the average level of real interest rates in Australia for selected periods Total ... Found inside – Page 312On average, Australian small-sized firms were charged 18.34 per cent per annum for ... This interest rate differential places an additional burden on SME ... Found inside – Page 149... k1⁄41 k1⁄42 k1⁄43 k1⁄44 Australia CPI À11.06 À7.56 À6.214 À5.434 À4.569 WPI ... influenced by the interest rate differential between Canada and the USA. Found inside – Page 51Australia Public Sector Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) - Baseline ... 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 Interest rate/growth differential 6/ 0.1 0.9 0.1 -0.8 -0.3 ... Found insideThe real titiveness will be adversely affected , and that in exchange rate is an appropriate indicator of interturn will hurt the national economy and the national competitiveness because it captures the individual . effects of both inflation differentials and exchange The Hawke ... Recent analyses suggest in the rural sector continuing from this Governthat Australia's interest rates are the highest of the world's ... Found inside – Page 138This differential , known as the basis , is extremely important when hedging grades of a commodity which differ from the futures standard ... Interest rate futures allow corporate borrowers and lenders to hedge against changing interest rates . Found inside – Page 38Housing credit has shown less evidence of acceleration, partly reflecting increased loan repayments when interest rates fell, but there have been strong ... Found inside – Page 3Figure 1 : Australian current account doticht us a per cent of GDP 0 N 1 The end result is that , as Figures 4 ( a ) and 4 ( b ) ... Growth was driven by expansionary monetary policy and low interest rates , which reduced the interest rate differential ... Found inside – Page 84First , domestic growth prospects and interest rate differentials seemed to influence the main currencies , as well as a number ... the Australian and New Zealand dollars and the Swedish krona - weakened against the dollar when interest rate ... Found inside – Page 254payment of principal and interest, with payment on more junior or ... One of the measures used to mitigate the interest rate differential risk70 is to ... Found inside – Page 49That is, short-term interest rates no longer respond automatically to downward ... countries (like Australia and Canada) have also seen their exchange rate ... Found inside – Page 525If the Australian interest rate rises and the foreign interest rate remains constant, the Australian interest rate differential increases. Found inside – Page 366Australia (or will appreciate if its country's inflation is lower than in ... interest rate differentials reflect the expected inflation differentials ... Found inside – Page 28investors to look abroad for more attractive interest rates (returns). The implication of this finding is that Australia may see a reversal of portfolio ... Found inside – Page 2... can help offset these differential shocks . The contribution of this paper is the use of a general equilibrium approach to directly assess whether the New Zealand economy could have performed better in the 1990s with Australian interest rates ... Found inside – Page 51INTEREST RATES % % 35 35 30 A. Short - term rates 30 25 25 20 3 month Treasury bill rate 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 5 0 0 -5 -5 Differential vis - a - vis Australia -10 -10 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 % % 25 25 B. Long - term rates 20 20 man 5 year ... Found inside – Page 41More specifically , we regress the real effective exchange rate on Australia ' s terms of trade and real interest rate differentials . Note that this regression involves variables that should be treated as endogenous . Consequently , the results ... Found inside – Page 125In that sense, it might be said 'money does not follow interest rates'. ... particular forward rate does not wipe out an interest rate differential, ... Found inside – Page 51funded in the capital market, edged up by 1/2 and 1 percentage point in the September quarter, respectively, in response to higher capital market interest ... Found inside – Page 123Australia became the first country to adopt a national income-contingent loan ... is the result of two elements: (a) built-in interest rate subsidies, ... Found inside – Page 366A fall in the target rate lowers domestic interest rates in general, and reduces the interest rate differential between the country in question and other ... Found insideAs we will see, a dollar in Australia is actually worth less in buying power ... for the staggering increase in prices is a low interest rate environment, ... Found inside – Page 418Inflows of mobile international capital, seeking the highest expected return, will increase with a rise in the interest rate differential between Australia ... Found inside – Page 2The effect of past inflation over a long horizon can also explain the higher 10-year interest rates in Australia and New ... factors may be contributing to the interest rate differentials observed here, especially the differential between Australia and ... Found inside – Page 253Our continu diments that have been placed on it over the ing current account crisis will require Australia last four years . I could run through a long list to have an interest rate differential above that of those impediments but I will mention just a of ... Found inside – Page 6229.3.1 The Real - Interest - Differential - Real - Exchange - Rate Relationship ... The countries included in multilateral averages are : Australia , Austria ... Found inside – Page 581This paper investigates the cross-market informational dependence between these assets under disparate interest rate conditions of the U.S and Australia. Found inside – Page 48So long as exchange rates remain stable, investors profit from the interest rate differential between the two currencies. ... But with South Africa's key interest rate steady at 9%, New Zcaland's at 7.25% and Australia's at 6.25%, the strategy still ... Found inside – Page 24The interest rate differential is a big positive . The local growth factor is a bit more mixed because ... But it is increasingly clear that Australian interest rates will be decoupled from United States rates . We didn't go down to 1 per cent with the US ... Found inside – Page 52High interest rates push up the exchange rate and ( even though this may encourage imports by making them cheaper ) the ... Figure 1 : Real Interest & Growth Rate Differentials , Australia and USA , 1974 - 1994 Real Interest Rate Differential ... Found inside – Page 284Pruning can only be justified on economic grounds if the royalty differential for clear timber pays for the cost of pruning , and ... During this time the costs incurred in establishment and tending accumulate at a compound interest rate considered ... Found inside – Page 36The survey measures of Australian inflation expectations have remained persistently above recorded inflation rates ... process in both countries , as well as long - term interest rate differentials between the two countries — see Callen and ... Found inside – Page 68The Demographic, Economic and Social Environment Australia. ... It has been calculated here on the basis of projections of house prices , mortgage interest rates and home lending conditions . ... The mortgage interest rate was set at three percentage points above the ten - year bond rate , the average differential in the ... Found insideWhile the prospects for the world economy and world trade in the current year are not encouraging , Australia is expected to continue to grow strongly . ... International developments Interest rates and currency movements Throughout 1980 many of the industrialized countries resorted ... This latter development which largely reflected inflation rate differentials , generally led to pressure being placed on the ... Found insideIf interest rates are 5 per cent in Australia and 3 per cent in the United States, then the interest rate differential is 2 per cent. Found inside – Page S-152Market interest rates Improving confidence in Australia ' s economic outlook in recent months has reflected in market ... to weak US economic data , and Australian cash rates steady since April , the differential in cash rates between Australia ... Found inside – Page 9425 Source : Australian Financial Review ( 1998 ) . underlying share ( and by dividend tax credits for endowment warrants issued by ... This somewhat offsets the extra 3 % per year interest rate differential used when calculating Macquarie Bank ... Found insideThus Iceland's interest rate differential with abroad has narrowed slightly . Chart 1 Increases in selected central banks ' policy interest rates since MB 2007/11 % 15 10 5 JU , 0 USA Japan UK Europe Canada Switzerland Sweden Australia ... Found inside – Page 45Long-term bond rates Interest rates on ten-year bonds had gone up dramatically ... raising the Australia-US long-term bond rate differential from a low 1/2 ... Found inside – Page 92In Australia, specific figures for BoP data are released on a quarterly basis by ... In general terms, the short-term interest rate differential between two ... Found inside – Page 500What is the domestic interest rate before the devaluation? ... interest rate differential (between domestic and foreign interest rates) plus the percentage ... Found inside – Page 52Australia Forecast for year end : US66 ¢ The other mechanism is that we know Forecast for year end : US64 ¢ Original ... had stock exchanges that moved Australian currency but all currencies interest - rate differential that historically ahead ... Found inside – Page 26New issues other transportation payments were Australia , and Asian countries other ... Long - Term Interest Rate Differentials an inflow of $ 0.3 billion . Found inside – Page 100A History of the Stock and Station Agent Industry in Australia and New ... The interest rate differential from borrowing in London was narrowing and by 1930 ... Found inside – Page 33... interest rates, when interest rates on both assets and liabilities increase by the same amount, banks benefit from the differential interest rate ... Found inside – Page 306Australian Economic Papers , v.29 , no.54 , June 1990 : 30-39 ( Capitalt / Econometricst / Foreign exchange / Interest rate differential ) Trade taxes and ... 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